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CKA : Certified Kubernetes Administrator 2025 Exam

CNCF CKA Questions & Answers

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CKA


Certified Kubernetes Administrator 2025


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Question: 476



afana metheus entd

ico er: B

nation: Prometheus is widely used for monitoring and alerting in Kubernetes environments, ing metrics and providing a robust query language.


ion: 477

------ service provides a way to route external traffic to services within a Kubernetes cluster.


sterIP dePort adBalancer ress


er: D


nation: An Ingress resource is used to manage external access to services, typically HTTP, w netes cluster.


ion: 478

You need to monitor the health of your Kubernetes cluster continuously. Which tool would you use to set up monitoring and alerts?


  1. Gr

  2. Pro

  3. Flu

  4. Cal Answ

Expla collect


Quest

The --


  1. Clu

  2. No

  3. Lo

  4. Ing Answ

Expla ithin a

Kuber


Quest


You need to define a Role that allows a user to create and delete ConfigMaps in the development namespace. What YAML snippet would you use?


  1. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: Rolemetadata:name: configmap-editornamespace: developmentrules:apiGroups: ["*"]resources: ["configmaps"]verbs: ["create", "delete"]

  2. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: Rolemetadata:name: configmap-editornamespace: developmentrules:apiGroups: [""]resources: ["configmaps"]verbs: ["create", "delete"]

  3. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: Role

    metadata:

    name: configmap-editor namespace: development rules:

    apiGroups: [""]

    resources: ["*"]

    verbs: ["create", "delete"]

  4. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: Role

metadata:

pace: development


oups: ["configmaps"] ces: ["configmaps"] "create", "delete"]


er: B


nation: This YAML configuration correctly defines a Role that allows creating and deleting gMaps in the development namespace.


ion: 479

ant to ensure that a Pod can only be scheduled on nodes with a specific resource available. What should you use?


source Limits ource Requests de Affinity

de Selector er: B

nation: Resource Requests specify the minimum amount of resources required for the Pod, ncing the scheduler to place it on a suitable node.

name: configmap-editor names

rules: apiGr resour verbs: [

Answ Expla

Confi


Quest You w feature


  1. Re

  2. Res

  3. No

  4. No

Answ Expla

influe


Question: 480


You are troubleshooting a secret that is not being correctly injected into a pod. What command would you use to check the secret's details?


  1. Both A and B

  2. kubectl describe secret &ltsecret-name>

  3. kubectl logs &ltpod-name>

  4. kubectl get secret &ltsecret-name> -o yaml

Answer: A


Explanation: Both commands provide detailed information about the secret, helping to diagnose issues with its injection into the pod.


Question: 481

You have a multi-node Kubernetes cluster and need to ensure that all kubelet services are running correctly. What command would you use to check the status of the kubelet service on a node?


  1. kubectl get nodes

    rnalctl -u kubelet

    bectl describe node &ltnode-name> er: B

    nation: The command systemctl status kubelet checks the status of the kubelet service directl de, providing insights into whether it is active and any errors that may have occurred.


    ion: 482


    re configuring a dynamic provisioning for a storage class. Which parameter would you set to the disk type for an AWS EBS volume?


    umeType kType rageType


    er: B


    nation: The volumeType parameter specifies the type of AWS EBS volume to be provisioned o1).


    ion: 483

    ant to ensure that your control plane nodes are highly available. Which configuration should

    systemctl status kubelet

  2. jou

  3. ku Answ

Expla y on

the no


Quest


You a specify


  1. type

  2. vol

  3. dis

  4. sto Answ

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gp2, i


Quest

You w you

implement?


  1. Deploy a single control plane node with a static IP

  2. Deploy multiple control plane nodes with an etcd cluster

  3. Use an external etcd cluster

  4. Use a single-node etcd instance Answer: B

Explanation: For high availability, you should deploy multiple control plane nodes along with a

distributed etcd cluster to prevent a single point of failure.


Question: 484

To achieve high availability for the controller manager, you decide to run multiple instances. What must you ensure about the API server in this configuration?


  1. It must be run on a single node only.

  2. It must support leader election among the controller managers.

  3. No changes are needed for the API server.

    er: B


    nation: When running multiple instances of the controller manager, it is crucial to enable lea election to ensure that only one instance actively manages the cluster at any given time.


    ion: 485

    eed to ensure that your Kubernetes nodes can be automatically updated with the latest securit

    s. Which feature should you consider?


    de Auto-Scaling ster Autoscaler

    nual Node Management naged Kubernetes Services


    er: D


    nation: Managed Kubernetes services often include automated updates for security patches, e re kept up to date without manual intervention.


    ion: 486

    eed to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster from version 1.20 to 1.22. What is the recommended up


    grade to 1.21 first, then to 1.22. grade directly to 1.22.

    It must be configured to replicate its state across nodes. Answ

Expla der


Quest

You n y

patche


  1. No

  2. Clu

  3. Ma

  4. Ma


Answ


Expla nsuring

nodes a


Quest

You n grade

path?


  1. Up

  2. Up

  3. Upgrade to the latest patch of 1.20, then to 1.22.

  4. Upgrade to 1.19 first, then to 1.21. Answer: A

Explanation: Kubernetes requires upgrades to be performed sequentially between minor versions. Thus, you must upgrade to 1.21 before proceeding to 1.22.


Question: 487

In a scenario where you need to configure Kubernetes with multiple etcd clusters for disaster recovery,

which of the following configurations would be ideal?


  1. All etcd clusters in the same data center.

  2. etcd clusters running on the same node as the API server.

  3. etcd clusters located in different geographical regions.

  4. A single etcd cluster with read replicas in different zones. Answer: C


ion: 488


eed to set up a cluster with a specific API server advertising address. What parameter should hen initializing the cluster with kubeadm?


dvertise-address=&ltip> piserver-override=&ltip> dvertise-ip=&ltip>

nd-address=&ltip> er: A

nation: The --advertise-address parameter specifies the IP address that the kube-apiserver will ise to the other nodes in the cluster.


ion: 489


ant to ensure that a pod cannot be scheduled on nodes with the label env=production. Which uration should you use?


deSelector: roduction


rations:- key: envoperator: Equalvalue: production

Explanation: Placing etcd clusters in different geographical regions provides redundancy and ensures data availability even if one region faces a failure.


Quest


You n you

use w


  1. --a

  2. --a

  3. --a

  4. --bi Answ

Expla advert


Quest


You w config


  1. no env: p


  2. tole

  3. taints:

    - key: env

    value: production effect: NoSchedule


  4. nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: envoperator: NotInvalues:- production


Answer: D

Explanation: Using NotIn in matchExpressions for node affinity prevents the pod from being scheduled on nodes labeled with env=production.


Question: 490

What is the significance of the restartPolicy field in a Pod specification?


  1. It determines how many replicas to run.

  2. It defines the resource limits for the Pod.

  3. It specifies the node on which the Pod should run.

    er: D


    nation: The restartPolicy field controls the behavior of the Pod when it fails, determining wh be restarted or not.


    ion: 491


    re configuring a Kubernetes cluster with kubeadm and need to ensure that the API server can high availability. What is the minimum number of API server instances you must deploy?


    er: C


    nation: To achieve high availability, you should deploy at least three instances of the API ser ng quorum can be maintained in etcd.


    ion: 492

    command would you use to view the permissions associated with a specific Role in a name bectl describe role &ltrole-name> -n &ltnamespace>

    It controls the behavior of the Pod when it fails. Answ

Expla ether it

should


Quest


You a handle


  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 5


Answ


Expla ver,

ensuri


Quest


Which space?


  1. ku

  2. kubectl get role &ltrole-name> -n &ltnamespace>

  3. Both A and C

  4. kubectl auth can-i --list --as &ltuser> -n &ltnamespace> Answer: C

Explanation: Both commands provide insights into the permissions defined in a Role and how they relate to a specific user.


Question: 493

You suspect a resource leak in your cluster. What command can you use to assess resource usage across all namespaces?


  1. kubectl top pods --all-namespaces

  2. kubectl get all --all-namespaces

  3. kubectl describe nodes

  4. kubectl get resourcequotas --all-namespaces Answer: A

nation: The kubectl top pods --all-namespaces command provides metrics about resource usa elping to identify potential leaks.


ion: 494


re investigating a memory leak in a pod. What command would you use to check the resourc f all containers in that pod?


bectl get pod &ltpod-name> -o jsonpath='{.status.containerStatuses[*].usage}' ectl top pod &ltpod-name>

ectl describe pod &ltpod-name> bectl logs &ltpod-name>


er: B


nation: The kubectl top pod command provides real-time metrics on CPU and memory usage ecified pod's containers.


ion: 495


is expected to communicate with a service that uses a headless configuration. Which comm you use to verify the endpoints of the service named my-headless-service in the default names


bectl get endpoints my-headless-service -n default ectl get service my-headless-service -n default

Expla ge for

pods, h


Quest


You a e

usage o


  1. ku

  2. kub

  3. kub

  4. ku Answ

Expla for

the sp


Quest


A pod and

can pace?


  1. ku

  2. kub

  3. kubectl describe service my-headless-service -n default

  4. kubectl logs my-headless-service -n default Answer: A

Explanation: The kubectl get endpoints command retrieves the endpoints associated with the headless service, showing the actual pod IPs that are part of the service.


Question: 496

What command would you use to check the status of etcd in your Kubernetes cluster?


  1. etcdctl endpoint health

  2. kubectl get pods -n kube-system

  3. kubectl logs -n kube-system etcd-&ltnode-name>

  4. Both A and C Answer: D


ion: 497


_______ is responsible for managing the lifecycle of pods and ensuring the desired state is a ubernetes cluster.


belet

e-proxy server


er: A


nation: The kubelet manages the lifecycle of pods on a node and communicates with the API ort status.


ion: 498


eed to expose a service internally within the cluster using a ClusterIP service. What YAML tly defines this service for a deployment named my-app?


Version: v1kind: Servicemetadata:name: my-appspec:type: ClusterIPselector:app: my- rts:port: 8080targetPort: 80

Version: v1 ervice

Explanation: Both commands provide information about the health and status of the etcd cluster, which is crucial for Kubernetes functionality.


Quest


The _ chieved

in a K


  1. ku

  2. kub

  3. API

  4. etcd Answ

Expla server

to rep


Quest


You n snippet

correc


  1. api apppo

  2. api kind: S metadata:

    name: my-app spec:

    type: NodePort selector:

    app: my-app ports:

    port: 80

    targetPort: 8080

  3. apiVersion: v1

    kind: Service metadata: name: my-app spec:

    type: LoadBalancer selector:

    app: my-app ports:

    port: 80

    targetPort: 8080

    rts:port: 80targetPort: 8080 er: D

    nation: This YAML snippet correctly defines a ClusterIP service that routes traffic from port get port 8080 of the pods labeled app=my-app.


    ion: 499


    the blank: The ________ component is responsible for ensuring that the state of the cluster es the desired state defined in the deployment specifications.


    er: Controller Manager


    nation: The Controller Manager continuously monitors and adjusts the state of the cluster to sired state defined in deployments.


    ion: 500


    the blank: To ensure that your etcd cluster can recover from failures, you should regularly b etcd data using the command ________.


    er: etcdctl snapshot save

    apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata:name: my-appspec:type: ClusterIPselector:app: my- apppo


Answ


Expla 80 to

the tar


Quest


Fill in match


Answ


Expla match

the de


Quest


Fill in ack up

the Answ

Explanation: The etcdctl snapshot save command is used to create backups of the etcd data, which can be restored in case of failures.

Question: 501


A Kubernetes worker node, named wk8s-node-0 is in state NotReady. Investigate why this is the case, and perform any appropriate steps to bring the node to a Ready state, ensuring that any changes are made permanent.

You can ssh to the failed node using: [[email protected]] $ | ssh Wk8s-node-0

You can assume elevated privileges on the node with the following command: [[email protected]] $ | sudo Ci



r: solution

Answe


Question: 502


CORRECT TEXT


Create a pod as follows:

Name: non-persistent-redis container Image: redis

Volume with name: cache-control Mount path: /data/redis

The pod should launch in the staging namespace and the volume must not be persistent.


Answer: solution


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