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Exam Code : CPNP-PC
Exam Name : PNCB Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner - Primary Care
Vendor Name :
"Nursing"

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Question: 1

Which of the following conditions is commonly managed by otolaryngologists in pediatric patients?

1. Asthma

2. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

3. Otitis media

4. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Otitis media, which refers to inflammation or infection of the middle ear, is commonly managed by otolaryngologists in pediatric patients. Asthma is typically managed by pulmonologists. GERD is managed by gastroenterologists. UTIs are managed by urologists or nephrologists.

Question: 2

Which of the following gastrointestinal conditions is characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract?

1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

3. Crohn's disease

4. Peptic ulcer disease
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Crohn's disease is characterized by chronic inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It commonly causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue. GERD is a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn. IBS is a

functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. Peptic ulcer disease involves the formation of open sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum.

Question: 3

Which of the following is a common condition managed by otolaryngologists in pediatric patients?

1. Asthma

2. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

3. Otitis media

4. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Otitis media is a common condition managed by otolaryngologists in pediatric patients. It refers to inflammation or infection of the middle ear, often associated with fluid accumulation behind the eardrum. Asthma is a respiratory condition managed by pulmonologists, GERD is managed by gastroenterologists, and UTIs are managed by urologists or nephrologists.

Question: 4

Which of the following skin conditions is characterized by the presence of small, fluid-filled blisters on the hands and feet?

1. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

2. Psoriasis

3. Impetigo

4. Dyshidrotic eczema
   
   Answer: D

Explanation: Dyshidrotic eczema is a skin condition characterized by the presence of small, fluid-filled blisters on the hands and feet. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) typically presents with itchy, inflamed skin. Psoriasis is characterized by red, scaly patches with silvery scales. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-colored crusts.

Question: 5

Which of the following nutrients is essential for the formation and maintenance of strong bones?

1. Iron

2. Vitamin C

3. Calcium

4. Protein
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Calcium is essential for the formation and maintenance of strong bones. Iron is important for red blood cell production. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen synthesis and immune function. Protein is important for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues, but it is not specifically related to bone strength.

Question: 6

Which of the following conditions involves the inflammation of joints and is commonly seen in pediatric patients?

1. Muscular dystrophy

2. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

3. Osteoporosis

4. Scoliosis
   
   Answer: B

Explanation: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by joint inflammation, stiffness, and swelling that lasts for at least six weeks in children. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder that leads to progressive muscle weakness. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone density, and scoliosis is an abnormalcurvature of the spine.

Question: 7

Which of the following conditions is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath?

1. Cystic fibrosis

2. Bronchiolitis

3. Asthma

4. Pneumonia
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs, pancreas, and other organs. Bronchiolitis is a viral infection that primarily affects infants and young children. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs, which can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.

Question: 8

Which of the following is the primary immunoglobulin involved in allergic reactions?

1. IgA

2. IgD

3. IgE

4. IgG

Answer: C

Explanation: IgE is the primary immunoglobulin involved in allergic reactions. It plays a key role in triggering allergic responses, such as the release of histamine and other mediators that cause symptoms like itching, swelling, and bronchoconstriction. IgA is primarily found in mucosal secretions, IgD is involved in B cell activation, and IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the body, providing long-term immunity.

Question: 9

Which of the following conditions is characterized by abnormal lateral curvature of the spine?

1. Muscular dystrophy

2. Scoliosis

3. Osteoporosis

4. Rheumatoid arthritis
   
   Answer: B

Explanation: Scoliosis is characterized by abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder resulting in progressive muscle weakness. Osteoporosis involves low bone density. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition causing joint inflammation.

Question: 10

Which of the following gastrointestinal conditions is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the esophagus?

1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

3. Crohn's disease

4. Peptic ulcer disease
   
   Answer: A

Explanation: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the esophagus due to the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Crohn's disease involves chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. Peptic ulcer disease involves the formation of open sores in the stomach or duodenum.

Question: 11

Which of the following conditions is characterized by chronic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath?

1. Cystic fibrosis

2. Bronchiolitis

3. Asthma

4. Pneumonia
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Cystic

fibrosis is a genetic disorder affecting multiple organs, including the lungs. Bronchiolitis is a viral infection that primarily affects infants and young children. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs.

Question: 12

Which of the following is an example of a reversible method of contraception?

1. Condoms

2. Oral contraceptive pills

3. Intrauterine device (IUD)

4. Tubal ligation
   
   Answer: A

Explanation: Condoms are an example of a reversible method of contraception because their use can be discontinued at any time without long-term effects on fertility. Oral contraceptive pills, IUDs, and tubal ligation are considered more permanent or long-acting methods of contraception.

Question: 13

Which of the following heart conditions is characterized by abnormal electrical signals that cause rapid, chaotic heartbeats?

1. Atrial septal defect (ASD)

2. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

3. Atrial fibrillation

4. Tetralogy of Fallot
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Atrial fibrillation is a heart condition characterized by abnormal

electrical signals in the atria, leading to a rapid and irregular heartbeat. ASD and VSD are congenital heart defects involving abnormal openings in the septum of the heart. Tetralogy of Fallot is a complex congenital heart defect characterized by four specific abnormalities in the heart's structure.

Question: 14

Which of the following nutrients is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a key component of connective tissues?

1. Iron

2. Vitamin C

3. Calcium

4. Vitamin D
   
   Answer: B

Explanation: Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, which is a key component of connective tissues, such as skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. Iron is important for the transport of oxygen in the blood. Calcium and vitamin D are necessary for bone health.

Question: 15

Which of the following infectious diseases is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV)?

1. Measles

2. Tuberculosis (TB)

3. Chickenpox

4. Mumps

Answer: C

Explanation: Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Measles is caused by the measles virus. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus.

Question: 16

Which of the following allergens is most commonly associated with allergic rhinitis?

1. Pollen

2. Dust mites

3. Pet dander

4. Mold spores
   
   Answer: A

Explanation: Pollen is the most common allergen associated with allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever. Dust mites, pet dander, and mold spores are also common allergens that can trigger allergic rhinitis symptoms.

Question: 17

In pediatric dermatology, which of the following skin conditions is characterized by red, scaly patches with silvery scales?

1. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

2. Psoriasis

3. Impetigo

4. Contact dermatitis

Explanation: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that presents with red, scaly patches covered with silvery scales. It commonly affects the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) presents with itchy, inflamed skin, often associated with a personal or family history of allergies. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-colored crusts. Contact dermatitis is an allergic or irritant reaction to substances that come into contact with the skin.

Question: 18

Which of the following developmental milestones is typically achieved by a 6- month-old infant?

1. Rolling from front to back

2. Walking independently

3. Speaking in short sentences

4. Using a pincer grasp to pick up small objects
   
   Answer: A

Explanation: Rolling from front to back is a milestone typically achieved by a 6-month-old infant. Walking independently usually occurs around 12 to 15

months. Speaking in short sentences typically begins around 2 years of age. The pincer grasp, using the thumb and index finger to pick up small objects, is usually developed around 9 to 10 months.

Question: 19

Which of the following infectious diseases is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?

1. Tuberculosis (TB)

2. Mononucleosis

3. Meningitis
   
   Answer: C

Explanation: Mononucleosis, also known as "mono" or the "kissing disease," is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fever. Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and meningitis can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria and viruses.

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