EX300 : Red Hat Certified Engineer - RHCE Exam

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Question #29 Section 2

Create a Shell script /root/program:

The shell script will come back to "user" parameter when you are entering "kernel" parameter. The shell script will come back to "kernel" when you are entering "user" parameter.

It will output the standard error when this script "usage:/root/program kernel|user" don’t input any parameter or the parameter you inputted is entered as the requirements.

Answer: See Explanation

[root@server1 virtual]# cat /root/program

#!/bin/bash param1="$1"

if [ "$param1" == "kernel" ]; then echo "user"

elif [ "$param1" == "user" ]; then echo "kernel" else echo "usage:/root/program kernel|user" fi

[root@server1 ~]# chmod +x /root/program Question #30 Section 2

Given the kernel of a permanent kernel parameters: sysctl=1.

It can be shown on cmdline after restarting the system. Kernel of /boot/grub/grub.conf should be added finally, as:

Answer: See Explanation

Kernel of /boot/grub/grub.conf should be added finally, as:

kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.1.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vgsrv-root rd_LVM_LV=vgsrv/root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 -

rd_LVM_LV=vgsrv/swap rd_NO_MD

SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet rhgb quiet sysctl=1 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc

Question #31 Section 2

Forbidden the Mary user configuration tasks in your system.

Answer: See Explanation Modify the /etc/cron.deny, add:

[root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/cron.deny mary Conclusions:

1. I find that it is common to add various service access limits in the exam RHCE. The exercises like: require one network segment can be accessed another network segments can not be accessed, the following are some conclusions for various service: tcp_wrappers:/etc/hosts.allow,/etc/hosts.deny tcp_wrappers can filter the TCPs accessing service. TCP whether has the filtering function which depends on this service whether use the function library of tcp_wrappers, or this service whether has the xinetd process of starting function of tcp_wrappers. tcp_wrapperss main configuration file is /etc/hosts.allow,/etc/ hosts.deny.

   And the priority of the documents in hosts. allow is higher than hosts. deny. Visit will be passed if no match was found. sshd,vsftpd can use the filtering service of tcp_wrappers.

   Configuration example: 150.203.6.66

   sshd:.example.com 192.168.0. 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 150.203. EXCEPT

   Notice:

   The two configuration files syntax can refer to hosts_access(5) and hosts_options(5) sshd_config

   There are four parameters in this configuration file: DenyUsers, AllowUsers, DenyGroups, AllowGroups, they are used to limit some users or user groups to proceed Remote Login through the SSH. These parameters priority level is DenyUsers->AllowUsers-

   >DenyGroups->AllowGroups Configuration example: AllowUsers tim rain@192.168.1.121 kim@*.example.com httpd Service

   Through the /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf in parameters, can add <Directory> to control the url access. Just as:

   <VirtualHost *:80>

   DocumentRoot /var/http/virtual - ServerName www1.example.com -

   <Directory /var/http/virtual/limited> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymlinks order deny,allow deny from all allow from 192.168.0.

   </Directory>

   
   

   </VirtualHost> Notice:

   So pay attention, denys and allows priority level in order deny,allow is: the backer has the higher priority level. But here, allows priority has a higher priority level.

   
   

   nfs Service

   nfs service directly control the visits through file /etc/exports, just as:

   /common *.example.com(rw,sync) 192.168.0.0/24(ro,sync)

   
   

   samba Service

   Parameter hosts allow in /etc/samba/smb.conf which is used as Access Control,just as: hosts allow = 192.168.0. 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 .example.com

2. Paying attention to use Mount parameters: _netdev,defaults when you are mounting ISCSI disk.

3. Stop the NetworkManager

/etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop chkconfig NetworkManager off

1. When you are deploying ifcfg-ethX, add parameters:

   
   

   PEERDNS=no -

2. Empty the firewall in RHCSA, RHCE: iptables -F

   iptables -X iptables -Z

   /etc/init.d/iptables save

3. Narrow lv steps: 1.umount /dev/mapper/lv 2.e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/lv

3.resize2fs /dev/mapper/lv 100M 4.lvreduce -L 50M /dev/mapper/lv 5.mount -a

1. Mount the using command - swap which is newly added in /etc/fstab

2. If Verification is not passed when you are installing software, can import public key: rpm import /etc/pki/rpm/release and so on. In yum.repo, you also can deploy gpgkey, for example, gpgkey=/etc/pki/rpm/release

3. When you are using "Find" command to search and keep these files, paying attention to use cp -a to copy files if you use user name and authority as your searching methods.

Question #32 Section 2

Please set the selinux status as enforcing.

Answer: See Explanation

# getenforce 1

# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=enforcing

Question #33 Section 2

Please open the ip_forward, and take effect permanently.

Answer: See Explanation

# vim /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 (takes effect immediately)

# sysctl -w

If no "sysctl.conf" option, use these commands:

# sysctl -a |grep net.ipv4

# sysctl -P net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

# sysctl -w

Question #34 Section 2

Configure ssh to allow user harry to access, reject the domain t3gg.com (172.25.0.0/16) to access.

Answer: See Explanation

# yum install -y sshd

# chkconfig sshd on

# vim /etc/hosts.deny sshd: 172.25.0.0/16

# service sshd restart

Use iptables:

# chkconfig iptables on

# iptables -F

# iptables -X

# iptables -Z

# iptables -nvL

# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.25.0.0/16 -p tcp --dport 22 -j REJECT

# services iptables save

# iptables -nvL check port)

# cat /etc/services (

Question #35 Section 2

Configure the ftp to allow anonymously download the directory /var/ftp/pub, and reject the domain t3gg.com to access.

Answer: See Explanation

# yum install -y vsftpd

# chkconfig vsftpd on

# services vsftpd start

# vim /etc/hosts.deny vsftpd: 172.25.0.0/16

OR -

# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.25.0.0/16 -p tcp -dport 20:21 -j REJECT

# services iptables save

Question #36 Section 2

Shutdown the /root/cdrom.iso under /opt/data, and set as boot automatically mount.

Answer: See Explanation

# cd /opt/

# mkdir data

# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/cdrom.iso /opt/data

# vim /etc/fstab

/root/cdrom.iso /opt/data iso9660 defaults,loop 0 0

# mount -a

# mount

vi /etc/fstab

192.168.0.254:/data / common nfs defaults 0 0 reboot the system.

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