CCN : CNCB Certified Clinical Nutritionist 2025 Exam

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CCN
CNCB Certified Clinical Nutritionist
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Question: 45
The hypermetabolic state accompanying infection, injury or burns is characterized
by:
A. 10% decrease in BMR
B. Increased gluconeogenesis
C. Decreased glycogenolysis
D. Increased ketosis
Answer: B
The hypermetabolic state accompanying infection, injury, or burns is
characterized by increased gluconeogenesis. Increased gluconegenesis occurs to
raise blood glucose to meet the high energy demands of healing, which can raise
the BMR by as much as 100%. Glycogenolysis is also increased to raise blood
glucose, but ketosis is suppressed, because of hormonal regulation of the
sympathetic nervous system.
Question: 46
Stomatis is treated with which of the following dietary interventions?
A. Supplementation with iron
B. Clear liquid diet
C. Avoidance of acidic and spicy foods
D. A & C
Answer: D
Stomatis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. It may be
caused by iron deficiency, in which case it is treated with iron supplementation.
The usual dietary regimen is avoidance of acidic and spicy foods.
Question: 47
Low-salt syndrome may be caused by:
A. Extreme sodium restriction due to congestive heart failure
B. Decreased glomerular filtration rate
C. Adrenal gland insufficiency
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Low-salt syndrome is occasionally seen in individuals with congestive heart
failure who are being treated with severe sodium restriction. It may also be caused
by decreased glomerular filtration rate in renal disease, and by adrenal gland
insufficiency, both of which affect the body’s ability to retain sodium.
Question: 48
Fluid needs are highest in which group?
A. Infants less than 12 months of age
B. Elderly greater than 80 years of age
C. Children 5-10 years of age
D. Lactating women
Answer: A
Fluid needs are highest in infants less than 12 months of age, due to the small size
of their kidneys and inability to retain large amounts of water. Fluid needs in
young infants are about 150 ml/kg body weight per day, as compared to adults
who require about 30-35 ml/kg body weight.
Question: 49
The primary immunoglobulin in human breast milk is:
A. Beta lymphocytes
B. IgM antibody
C. Iron-binding lactoferrin
D. Secretory IgA
Answer: D
The primary immunoglobulin in human breast milk is secretory IgA, which
protects the infant gastrointestinal tract from infection caused by many pathogens.
Beta lymphocytes are produced by the bone marrow and provide humoral
immunity, while IgM antibody is involved in allergic response to antigens. Iron-
binding lactoferrin is a protein which slows the growth of bacteria in the infant
gut; its action is secondary to that of secretory IgA.

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