CORLN : NCBOHN Certified Otorhinolaryngology Nurse Exam

Question: 1
A patient presents with sudden onset of facial weakness on one side, difficulty closing the affected eye, and loss of taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Which condition is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A. Acoustic neuroma.
B. Bell's palsy.
C. Vestibular neuronitis.
D. Cholesteatoma.
Answer: B
Explanation: Bell's palsy is a condition characterized by the sudden onset of facial paralysis or weakness, typically affecting one side of the face. Other symptoms may include difficulty closing the affected eye and loss of taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Question: 2
Which condition is a benign tumor that arises from the Schwann cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve?
A. Basal cell carcinoma.
B. Glomus tumor.
C. Cholesteatoma.
D. Acoustic neuroma.
Answer: D
Explanation: Acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma, is a benign tumor that arises from the Schwann cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). It can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and imbalance.
Question: 3
A patient presents with sudden hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Which condition is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A. Vestibular neuronitis.
B. Benign paroxysmal vertigo.
C. Meniere's syndrome.
D. Acoustic neuroma.
Answer: C
Explanation: Meniere's syndrome is characterized by episodes of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. The sudden onset of hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo in this patient is consistent with Meniere's syndrome.
Question: 4
A patient complains of a persistent ringing sound in their ears. Which term best describes this symptom?
A. Tinnitus.
B. Otosclerosis.
C. Otitis media.
D. Sensorineural hearing loss.
Answer: A
Explanation: Tinnitus refers to the perception of sound in the absence of an external stimulus. It is often described as a ringing, buzzing, or hissing sound in the ears.
Question: 5
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a fracture of the temporal bone, often resulting from head trauma?
A. Barotrauma
B. Cerebrospinal fluid leaks
C. Foreign bodies
D. Temporal bone fractures
Answer: D
Explanation: Temporal bone fractures occur when there is a break or fracture in the temporal bone, which is located on the sides and base of the skull. These fractures are often associated with head trauma, such as from motor vehicle accidents or falls. Temporal bone fractures can result in various symptoms, including hearing loss, ear bleeding, facial weakness, and balance problems. Barotrauma refers to injury caused by changes in pressure, cerebrospinal fluid leaks can occur due to skull fractures, and foreign bodies refer to objects that are lodged in the ear or nose.
Question: 6
Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the external ear canal, often caused by bacterial or fungal infection?
A. Rhinitis.
B. Otitis media.
C. Cholesteatoma.
D. External otitis.
Answer: D
Explanation: External otitis, also known as swimmer's ear, is characterized by the inflammation of the external ear canal. It is often caused by bacterial or fungal infection and presents with symptoms such as ear pain, itching, and discharge.
Question: 7
Which of the following conditions is characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness?
A. Vestibular neuronitis
B. Bell's palsy
C. Meniere's syndrome
D. Benign paroxysmal vertigo
Answer: C
Explanation: Meniere's syndrome is a disorder of the inner ear that typically presents with recurrent episodes of vertigo (spinning sensation), sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ear), and aural fullness (feeling of pressure or blockage in the ear). Bell's palsy is a condition affecting the facial nerve, vestibular neuronitis is an inflammation of the vestibular nerve, and benign paroxysmal vertigo is characterized by brief episodes of vertigo without hearing loss or tinnitus.
Question: 8
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the abnormal growth of bone in the middle ear, leading to conductive hearing loss?
A. Otitis media
B. Cholesteatoma
C. Otosclerosis
D. Acoustic neuroma
Answer: C
Explanation: Otosclerosis is a condition in which there is abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, specifically around the stapes bone. This can result in fixation of the stapes and conductive hearing loss. Otitis media refers to inflammation of the middle ear, cholesteatoma is a noncancerous growth in the middle ear, and an acoustic neuroma is a tumor on the vestibular nerve.
Question: 9
Which type of hearing loss is characterized by a disruption in the conduction of sound waves to the inner ear?
A. Sensorineural hearing loss.
B. Conductive hearing loss.
C. Otosclerosis.
D. Acoustic neuroma.
Answer: B
Explanation: Conductive hearing loss occurs when there is a problem conducting sound waves through the outer or middle ear. It can be caused by conditions such as earwax blockage, middle ear infections, or abnormalities of the middle ear bones.
Question: 10
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the nose?
A. Basal cell carcinoma
B. Fibroma
C. Carcinoma of the nasal sinuses
D. Hemangioma
Answer: D
Explanation: Hemangioma refers to the abnormal growth of blood vessels, and when it occurs in the nose, it can lead to symptoms such as nasal congestion, epistaxis (nosebleeds), and nasal deformity. Fibroma is a benign tumor composed of fibrous tissue, carcinoma of the nasal sinuses and basal cell carcinoma are types of cancer that can affect the nasal area.
Question: 11
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the muscles of facial expression?
A. Cranial nerve II.
B. Cranial nerve V.
C. Cranial nerve X.
D. Cranial nerve VII.
Answer: D Explanation: Cranial nerve VII, also known as the facial nerve, is responsible for the motor innervation of the muscles of facial expression. It also carries taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Question: 12
Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, causing nasal congestion, sneezing, and nasal discharge?
A. Epistaxis
B. Rhinitis
C. Sinusitis
D. Polyps
Answer: B
Explanation: Rhinitis refers to inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which can be caused by various factors such as allergies, infections, or irritants. It is characterized by symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, itching, and nasal discharge. Epistaxis is a nosebleed, sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses, and polyps are abnormal growths in the nasal cavity.
Question: 13
Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the external ear canal?
A. Cholesteatoma
B. External otitis
C. Barotrauma
D. Otitis media Answer: B
Explanation: External otitis, also known as swimmer's ear, is characterized by inflammation of the external ear canal. It is commonly caused by bacterial or fungal infections and can result in symptoms such as ear pain, itching, and discharge. Cholesteatoma is a growth in the middle ear, otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear, and barotrauma refers to injury caused by changes in pressure (e.g., during scuba diving or flying).
Question: 14
A patient presents with progressive hearing loss, especially in the low-frequency range. Otoscopy reveals a reddish discoloration of the tympanic membrane. Which condition is the most likely cause of these findings?
A. Otitis media.
B. Cholesteatoma.
C. Acoustic neuroma.
D. Otosclerosis.
Answer: D
Explanation: Otosclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, specifically in the area of the stapes footplate. It can cause progressive conductive hearing loss, and the reddish discoloration of the tympanic membrane (Schwartze sign) may be observed.
Question: 15
Which of the following conditions is characterized by sudden, temporary paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face?
A. Acoustic neuroma
B. Meniere's syndrome
C. Glomus tumor
D. Bell's palsy
Answer: D
Explanation: Bell's palsy is a condition that causes sudden, temporary paralysis or weakness of the muscles on one side of the face. The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be related to inflammation or viral infection affecting the facial nerve. Meniere's syndrome is characterized by vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness; glomus tumor is a type of tumor that can affect the middle ear or other structures; and an acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor on the vestibular nerve.
Question: 16
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a noncancerous growth in the middle ear that can erode nearby structures?
A. CholesteatomaC) Vestibular neuronitisD. Neuroma
B. Otosclerosis
Answer: A
Explanation: Cholesteatoma is a noncancerous growth that can develop in the middle ear. It typically results from repeated middle ear infections or a tear in the eardrum. Over time, the cholesteatoma can enlarge and erode nearby structures, such as the ossicles (bones of the middle ear) and the mastoid bone. Otosclerosis is characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, vestibular neuronitis is inflammation of the vestibular nerve, and neuroma refers to a tumor arising from nerve tissue.
Question: 17
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the perception of sound in the absence of an external stimulus?
A. Rhinitis
B. Vertigo
C. Tinnitus
D. Epistaxis
Answer: C
Explanation: Tinnitus is the perception of sound, such as ringing, buzzing, or hissing, in the absence of an external sound source. It can be a symptom of various underlying conditions, including hearing loss, exposure to loud noise, and certain medications. Vertigo refers to the sensation of spinning or dizziness, while rhinitis and epistaxis are related to nasal conditions (inflammation and nosebleeds, respectively).
Question: 18
A patient presents with recurrent episodes of nasal congestion, facial pressure, and purulent nasal discharge. Which condition is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A. Sinusitis.
B. Rhinitis.
C. Epistaxis.
D. Nasal polyps.
Answer: A Explanation: Sinusitis refers to the inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, often caused by infection. It can present with symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pressure or pain, and purulent nasal discharge.

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