NCEES-PE-Civil-WRE : NCEES PE Civil Engineering: Water Resources and Environmental Exam

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NCEES PE Civil: Water Resources and Environmental
NCEES - PE Civil Engineering - Water Resources and Environmental 2024
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Question 386:
A. 51,840 kg/day
B. 21,880 kg/day
C. 45,320 kg/day
D. 65,000 kg/day
Answer: A
Explanation: The BOD load can be calculated as:
BOD Load = Concentration × Flow Rate × Time
Convert mg/L to kg/m³:
Concentration = 200 mg/L = 0.2 kg/m3
Thus,
BOD Load = 0.2 kg/m3 × 3 m3/s × 86, 400 s = 51, 840 kg/day
An environmental engineer is assessing the impact of a sewage treatment plant on a nearby stream. If the plant discharges effluent with a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of 200 mg/L and the stream's flow is 3 m³/s, what is the total BOD load entering the stream from the plant in kilograms per day?
Question 387:
A groundwater engineer is evaluating the effects of a contaminant plume in a confined aquifer. If the hydraulic conductivity is 20 m/day and the contaminant concentration decreases from 1,000 µg/L to 100 µg/L over a distance of 50 m, what is the attenuation factor?
1. 0.1
2. 0.5
3. 0.7
4. 10.0
Answer: D
Explanation: The attenuation factor is calculated as:
C1 1000 µg/L
Attenuation Factor = = = 10
C2 100 µg/L
Question 388:
A civil engineer is assessing the effect of urban runoff on a stream's DO levels. If the stream's DO was 8 mg/L before the runoff event and dropped to 5 mg/L after, what is the percentage change in DO?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 37%
D. 35%
Answer: C
Explanation: The percentage change in DO is calculated as:
Initial DO - Final DO
Percentage Change = × 100
Initial DO
Thus,
Percentage Change =
8 - 5
8
× 100 = 37.5%
Question 389:
An environmental scientist is evaluating the impact of nutrients on a lake's water quality. If the lake has a volume of 1,000,000 m³ and the total phosphorus concentration is 0.2 mg/L, what is the total phosphorus load in kilograms?
1. 0.2 kg
C. 20 kg
D. 200 kg
Answer: D
Explanation: The total phosphorus load can be calculated as:
Load = Concentration × Volume
Convert concentration to kg/m³:
Concentration = 0.2 mg/L = 0.0002 kg/m3
Thus,
Load = 0.0002 kg/m3 × 1, 000, 000 m3 = 200 kg
Question 390:
A groundwater model indicates that a well is experiencing a drawdown of 5 m after 12 hours of continuous pumping. If the well has a radius of 0.1 m and the
2 kg
aquifer has a hydraulic conductivity of 10 m/day, what is the estimated specific yield of the aquifer?
1. 0.01
2. 0.05
3. 0.1
4. 0.15
Answer: B
Explanation: The specific yield can be calculated using the relationship:
Specific Yield =
Drawdown
×
Thus,
5 m 1
Specific Yield = × = 0.05 12 × 3600 s 10 m/day
Question 391:
A hydrogeologist is evaluating a confined aquifer that has a hydraulic conductivity of 25 m/day and a thickness of 30 m. If the aquifer is being recharged at a rate of 0.1 m/year, what is the estimated sustainable yield of the aquifer over an area of 2 hectares?
A. 2000 m³/yr
B. 1500 m³/yr
C. 1600 m³/yr
D. 1700 m³/yr
Answer: A
Explanation: The sustainable yield can be estimated using:
Time
1
Hydraulic Conductivity
Sustainable Yield = Recharge Rate × Area
Convert the recharge rate to meters:
Recharge Rate = 0.1 m/yr
Convert area to square meters:
Area = 2 hectares = 20, 000 m2
Thus,
Sustainable Yield = 0.1 m/yr × 20, 000 m2 = 2, 000 m³/yr
Question 392:
An engineer is analyzing groundwater flow through a heterogeneous aquifer. The hydraulic gradient in one section of the aquifer is measured at 0.03, and the hydraulic conductivity is 12 m/day. What is the groundwater flow velocity in that section?
A. 0.36 m/day
B. 0.48 m/day
C. 0.56 m/day
D. 0.72 m/day
Answer: A
Explanation: Groundwater flow velocity can be calculated using Darcy's law:
v = K · i
Where K is hydraulic conductivity and i is hydraulic gradient. Thus,
v = 12 m/day × 0.03 = 0.36 m/day
Question 393:
A well in an unconfined aquifer is pumped at a rate of 100 L/s. After 48 hours of continuous pumping, the water level in the well has dropped from 15 m to 10 m. What is the total drawdown experienced by the well?
1. 2 m
2. 3 m
3. 4 m
4. 5 m
Explanation: The drawdown is calculated as:
Drawdown = Initial Water Level - Final Water Level
Thus,
Drawdown = 15 m - 10 m = 5 m
Question 394:
A civil engineer is studying the impact of a wastewater discharge on a river’s dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. If the river has a flow rate of 4 m³/s and the DO concentration downstream of the discharge is 5 mg/L, while the upstream concentration is 8 mg/L, what is the total mass of oxygen depleted over a
24-hour period?
A. 1288 kg
B. 1576 kg
C. 1036 kg
D. 1296 kg
Answer: D
Answer: C
Explanation: The mass of oxygen lost can be calculated as:
Mass Loss = (Upstream DO - Downstream DO) × Flow Rate × Tim
Where:
Mass Loss = (8 mg/L - 5 mg/L) × 4 m3/s × 86, 400 s
Convert mg/L to kg/m³:
Mass Loss = 3 mg/L × 4 × 86, 400 = 1036.8 kg
Reduction =
Question 395:
An environmental scientist is calculating the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for nitrogen in a river. The current nitrogen load is 2,200 kg/year, and the TMDL is set at 1,500 kg/year. What is the percentage reduction needed to meet the TMDL?
A. 25%
B. 32%
C. 40%
D. 50%
Answer: B
Explanation: The percentage reduction can be calculated as:
Current Load - TMDL
Reduction = × 100
Current Load
Thus,
2200 - 1500
2200
× 100 ˜ 31.82%
Question 396:
A lake has a total phosphorus concentration of 0.15 mg/L. If the lake has a
volume of 500,000 m³, what is the total phosphorus load in kilograms?
A.
10.75
kg
B.
11.25
kg
C.
15.00
kg
Answer: D
Explanation: The total phosphorus load can be calculated as:
Load = Concentration × Volume
Convert concentration to kg/m³:
Load = 0.15 mg/L × 500, 000 m3 = 75 kg
Question 397:
In a groundwater contamination study, a monitoring well shows a concentration of benzene at 5 µg/L. If the well extracts water at a rate of 10 L/min, what is the total mass of benzene extracted in a 30-minute sampling period?
A. 0.15 mg
B. 0.25 mg
C. 0.50 mg
D. 1.50 mg
D. 75.0 kg
Answer: D
Explanation: The total mass can be calculated as:
Mass = Concentration × Flow Rate × Time
Convert flow rate to L/h:
Mass = 5 µg/L × 10 L/min × 30 min = 1, 500 µg = 1.5 mg
Question 398:
pollutant influx is measured at 12 mg/L, what is the increase in BOD due to the
pollutants?
A. 4 mg/L
B. 6 mg/L
C. 8 mg/L
D. 10 mg/L
Answer: C
Explanation: The increase in BOD is calculated as:
Increase in BOD = Post-Pollution BOD - Natural BOD
Thus,
Increase in BOD = 12 mg/L - 4 mg/L = 8 mg/L
Question 399:
A groundwater model reveals that a well has a drawdown of 3 m after 24 hours of
A civil engineer is evaluating a stream's health by assessing its biological oxygen demand (BOD). If the natural BOD of the stream is 4 mg/L and the BOD after a
pumping at a rate of 80 L/s. If the well has a radius of 0.15 m, what is the specific capacity of the well in L/s/m?
1. 15.33 L/s/m
2. 26.67 L/s/m
3. 10.00 L/s/m
4. 12.00 L/s/m
Answer: B
Explanation: Specific capacity can be calculated using:
Discharge Rate
Specific Capacity =
Drawdown
Thus,
80 L/s
Specific Capacity = ˜ 26.67 L/s/m
3 m
Question 400:
An environmental engineer is assessing the impact of nutrient runoff on a pond. If the pond has a surface area of 1 hectare and receives 15 kg of phosphorus from runoff annually, what is the concentration of phosphorus in mg/L, assuming an average depth of 2 m?
A. 0.15 mg/L
B. 0.75 mg/L
C. 91.00 mg/L
D. 750 mg/L
Answer: D
Explanation: Convert area to square meters:
Area = 1 hectare = 10, 000 m2
The volume of the pond is:
Volume = Area × Depth = 10, 000 m2 × 2 m = 20, 000 m3
Convert kg to mg:
Concentration =
15 kg × 1, 000, 000 mg/kg
20, 000 m3
= 750 mg/L
Question 401:
discharge from a wastewater treatment plant, what is the total mass of oxygen lost in kilograms over 24 hours?
A. 518.4 kg
B. 288 kg
C. 864 kg
D. 1,728 kg
Answer: A
Explanation: The mass of oxygen lost can be calculated as:
Mass Loss = (Upstream DO - Downstream DO) × Flow Rate × Tim
Thus,
Mass Loss = (9 mg/L - 5 mg/L) × 1.5 m3/s × 86, 400 s
Convert mg/L to kg/m³:
Mass Loss = 4 mg/L × 1.5 m3/s × 86, 400s = 518, 400 mg = 518.4kg
A stream has a flow rate of 1.5 m³/s and a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 9 mg/L upstream. If the DO concentration drops to 5 mg/L downstream after
e
Question 402:
In a water quality assessment, a river's total nitrogen concentration is measured at 12 mg/L. If the river has a flow rate of 2.5 m³/s, what is the total nitrogen load in kilograms per day?
A.
1250
kg/day
B.
1300
kg/day
C.
1036
kg/day
D. 1600 kg/day
Explanation: The nitrogen load can be calculated as:
Load = Concentration × Flow Rate × Time
Thus,
Load = 12 mg/L × 2.5 m3/s × 86, 400 s = 1, 036, 800 mg = 1, 036.8 kg
Answer: C

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