AGPCNP-BC : ANCC Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Exam

Question: 1
A patient presents with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The nurse practitioner suspects a gastrointestinal disorder. Which diagnostic test should be ordered to assess the patient's condition?
A. Abdominal ultrasound
B. Upper endoscopy
C. Computed tomography (CT) scan
D. Colonoscopy
Answer: C
Explanation: A computed tomography (CT) scan is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating abdominal pain and identifying various gastrointestinal disorders. It provides detailed cross-sectional images of the abdomen, allowing for the visualization of organs, inflammation, masses, or other abnormalities.
Question: 2
A patient presents with complaints of headache and vision changes. The nurse practitioner suspects a possible disorder of the head, eyes, ears, nose, or throat. Which diagnostic test should be ordered to evaluate the patient's condition?
A. Audiometry test
B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain
C. Ophthalmoscopy
D. Nasal endoscopy
Answer: B
Explanation: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating various conditions affecting the head, including brain tumors, intracranial hemorrhages, and other structural abnormalities. It can help identify the underlying cause of the patient's symptoms.
Question: 3
A patient with a history of diabetes presents with symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. The nurse practitioner suspects an endocrine disorder. Which laboratory test would be most helpful in confirming the diagnosis?
A. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
D. Urine cortisol level
Answer: C
Explanation: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a blood test that provides an average measure of blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. In this case, an elevated HbA1c level would confirm the diagnosis of diabetes as the cause of the patient's symptoms.
Question: 4
Which endocrine disorder is characterized by excessive production of growth hormone in adulthood?
A. Acromegaly
B. Addison's disease
C. Cushing's syndrome
D. Hyperthyroidism Answer: A
Explanation: Acromegaly is an endocrine disorder characterized by the excessive production of growth hormone in adulthood. It is usually caused by a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland. The excess growth hormone leads to enlarged hands, feet, and facial features, as well as other systemic manifestations.
Question: 5
The adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner prescribes analgesic medication to a patient with chronic pain. Which of the following should the nurse practitioner prioritize when monitoring the patient's response to the medication?
A. Renal function tests
B. Blood pressure measurements
C. Liver function tests
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Answer: C
Explanation: Analgesic medications, especially opioids, can have hepatotoxic effects and may cause liver damage or impairment. Therefore, monitoring liver function tests is essential to assess the patient's response to the medication and detect any potential adverse effects on the liver.
Question: 6
A patient with chronic kidney disease presents with decreased urine output and fluid retention. The nurse practitioner suspects acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory test would be most indicative of AKI?
A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
B. Serum sodium and potassium levels
C. Urine specific gravity
D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
Answer: D
Explanation: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels are commonly used to assess kidney function. In the case of AKI, there is a rapid decline in kidney function, resulting in elevated BUN and creatinine levels. Monitoring these parameters provides valuable information about the severity and progression of AKI.
Question: 7
Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by chronic inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum?
A. Crohn's disease
B. Diverticulitis
C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
D. Ulcerative colitis
Answer: D
Explanation: Ulcerative colitis is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and typically presents withsymptoms such as bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and urgency.
Question: 8
Which analgesic medication is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor?
A. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
B. Ibuprofen (Advil)
C. Aspirin
D. Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Answer: D
Explanation: Celecoxib (Celebrex) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, which means it specifically targets the COX-2 enzyme involved in inflammation and pain. It is commonly used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
Question: 9
A patient complains of dysuria and urinary frequency. The nurse practitioner suspects a genitourinary infection. Which test should be performed to confirm the diagnosis?
A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
B. Urine culture and sensitivity
C. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
D. Renal ultrasound
Answer: B
Explanation: A urine culture and sensitivity test is performed to identify the specific bacteria causing a genitourinary infection and determine the most appropriate antibiotic for treatment. It involves culturing a urine sample to allow bacterial growth and then testing the bacteria's sensitivity to different antibiotics.

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